Türkiye, Karadeniz Bölgesi Yaylaları (Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon), Mor Orman Gülü (Rhododendron Pontıcum) Arı Poleninin Antioksidan Özellikleri

Abstract

Beslenmemizde önemli bir rolü bulunan bal dünyada farklı coğrafyalarda pek çok çeşitte üretilmektedir. Ülkemize baktığımızda bal üreticiliği dünyada önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Arıcılık kırsal kalkınmanın sağlanması ve ülke ekonomisinin iyileştirilmesi açısından da büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu sebeple arı ürünlerinin kimyası ve biyoetkinliklerinin araştırılması, bölgesel farklılıklarının ortaya konması ve besin değerlerinin, ticari kullanımlarının bilimsel olarak kanıtlanması önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın çalışma materyali ülkemiz Karadeniz bölgesi yaylalarında deli bal üreticilerinden temin edilen ve dört bölgeye ait olan (Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon ve Sinop) deli bal arı polenidir. Bu çalışma başlıca dört aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk aşamada temin edilen arı polenleri mikroskop altında ayıklanmış ve uygun işlemlerle kurutulmuştur. Ardından su ve etanolde maserasyon tekniğiyle özütleri elde edilen örneklerin, üçüncü aşamada antioksidan aktivite çalışmaları beş farklı yöntemle, antioksidan aktivitesi yüksek uygun standart kimyasallar ile karşılaştırılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Son aşamada ise örneklerin fitokimyasal analizi, toplam fenolik bileşen ve toplam flavonoid bileşen tayini çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak tüm ekstrelerin farklı yöntemlerle elde edilen sonuçlara göre yüksek antioksidan özellik gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerik sırasıyla gallik asit eşdeğeri ve kuersetin eşdeğeri olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar için, birbiriyle ilişkili antioksidan aktivite ve fitokimyasal bileşen tayin metotları arası korelasyonlar araştırılmış ve uygun korelasyon grafikleri yüksek R2 değerleri ile elde edilmiştir.,Honey, which has an important role in our nutrition, is produced with many varieties in different geographies around the world. When we look at our country, honey production has gained an important place in the world. Beekeeping is also of great importance in terms of ensuring rural development and improving the national economy. For this reason, it is important to investigate the chemistry and bioactivity of bee products, to reveal regional differences and to scientifically prove their nutritional values and commercial uses. The working material of this research is the mad honey bee pollen obtained from mad honey producers in the highlands of the Black Sea region of Turkey and belonging to four regions (Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon and Sinop). This study consists of four main stages. The bee pollen provided was examined under a microscope in the first stage and dried by suitable procedures. Subsequently, antioxidant activity studies of the samples obtained by maceration technique in water and ethanol were carried out using five different methods using suitable standard chemicals with high antioxidant activity. In the last stage, phytochemical analyses of samples, total phenolic component and total flavonoid component determination were performed. As a result, it was understood that all extracts showed high antioxidant properties using different antioxidant activity determination methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined as gallic acid equivalent and quercetin equivalent, respectively. For the results obtained, correlations between related antioxidant activity and phytochemical component determination methods were investigated and appropriate correlation graphs were obtained with high R2 values.

Honey, which has an important role in our nutrition, is produced with many varieties in different geographies around the world. When we look at our country, honey production has gained an important place in the world. Beekeeping is also of great importance in terms of ensuring rural development and improving the national economy. For this reason, it is important to investigate the chemistry and bioactivity of bee products, to reveal regional differences and to scientifically prove their nutritional values and commercial uses. The working material of this research is the mad honey bee pollen obtained from mad honey producers in the highlands of the Black Sea region of Turkey and belonging to four regions (Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon and Sinop). This study consists of four main stages. The bee pollen provided was examined under a microscope in the first stage and dried by suitable procedures. Subsequently, antioxidant activity studies of the samples obtained by maceration technique in water and ethanol were carried out using five different methods using suitable standard chemicals with high antioxidant activity. In the last stage, phytochemical analyses of samples, total phenolic component and total flavonoid component determination were performed. As a result, it was understood that all extracts showed high antioxidant properties using different antioxidant activity determination methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined as gallic acid equivalent and quercetin equivalent, respectively. For the results obtained, correlations between related antioxidant activity and phytochemical component determination methods were investigated and appropriate correlation graphs were obtained with high R2 values.