Alphonse Lavallée ve Isabella Üzüm Çeşitlerinde Co60 Kullanılarak Mutasyon Oluşturma Olanakları

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Alphonse Lavallée ve Isabella üzüm çeşitlerinin çeliklerinde kontrol gruplarına (0 Gy) kıyasla en az fiziksel zarara neden olan ve olumlu etkide bulunan en uygun Co60 dozu (etkili mutasyon dozu) araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, dinlenme dönemindeki tek gözlü çelikler 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy ve 40 Gy dozlarında, Co60 gama kaynağında ışınlanmış ve sonrasında çelikler sera ortamında yetiştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda 10 Gy uygulamasında canlılık oranları kontrol grubuna yakın değerler göstermiştir. Artan gama ışın dozları, gözlerin kabarma, uyanma ve sürme sürelerinde kontrol grubu bitkilerine göre gecikmeler oluşturmuştur. Aynı şekilde sürgün uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu, kök sayısı, yaprak alanı ve yaprak sayısı değerlerininde artan ışınım dozlarına bağlı olarak düştüğü bulunmuştur. Isabella çeşidi 40 Gy uygulaması ve Alphonse Lavallée 30 Gy uygulamasında yapraklarda şekil bozuklukları, yaprak dişliliğinde azalma gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca stoma genişliği ve uzunluğu da artan gama dozlarına bağlı olarak azalmıştır. Stoma sayımlarında ise Isabella çeşidi 10 Gy uygulamasında en yüksek değer elde edilmiştir. Canlılık oranı bakımından etkili mutasyon dozu (ED50) Isabella çeşidi için 48.8 Gy, Alphonse Lavallée çeşidi için 24.8 Gy olarak belirlenmiştir.,In this study an optimum dose (effective mutation dose) among Co60 treatments that make less physical injury and positive effects comparing the control plants (0Gy) was investigated Isabella and Alphonse Lavallée grape cuttings. For that purpose, one budded dormant cuttings were irradiated 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy and 40 Gy doses of Co60 gama sources and than cuttings were grown in greenhouse. In the results of study survival percentage obtained from 10 Gy treatments were found to be closest to the control treatments. Increasing doses of gamma irradiation resulted in duration of bud break and shooting were late depending on the increasing of gamma doses. It was also found that shoot length, root length, root number, leaf area and leaf number values decreased comparing to the control. In 40 Gy treatments of Isabella and 30 Gy treatments of Alphonse Lavallée, leaf deformations and asymmetric development were observed. In addition, with increasing radiation treatments stomata dimension was reduced. The highest stomata number values were obtained from Isabella 10 Gy treatments. Effective mutation dose (ED50) was found to be 48.8 Gy in Isabella and 24.8 Gy in Alphonse Lavallée.

In this study an optimum dose (effective mutation dose) among Co60 treatments that make less physical injury and positive effects comparing the control plants (0Gy) was investigated Isabella and Alphonse Lavallée grape cuttings. For that purpose, one budded dormant cuttings were irradiated 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy and 40 Gy doses of Co60 gama sources and than cuttings were grown in greenhouse. In the results of study survival percentage obtained from 10 Gy treatments were found to be closest to the control treatments. Increasing doses of gamma irradiation resulted in duration of bud break and shooting were late depending on the increasing of gamma doses. It was also found that shoot length, root length, root number, leaf area and leaf number values decreased comparing to the control. In 40 Gy treatments of Isabella and 30 Gy treatments of Alphonse Lavallée, leaf deformations and asymmetric development were observed. In addition, with increasing radiation treatments stomata dimension was reduced. The highest stomata number values were obtained from Isabella 10 Gy treatments. Effective mutation dose (ED50) was found to be 48.8 Gy in Isabella and 24.8 Gy in Alphonse Lavallée.