Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://earsiv.odu.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11489/498
Title: Samsun, Bayburt ve Mersin İllerine Kurulabilecek Güneş Enerjisi Santrallerinin Modellenmesi
Other Titles: MODELLING OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS THAT CAN BE INSTALLED IN SAMSUN, BAYBURT AND MERSIN PROVINCES OF TURKEY
Authors: Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Akkaya Oy, Sibel
Akkaya, Sezai
Ordu Üniversitesi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Keywords: Kategorik Değişken, Çapraz Tablo, İlişki Katsayısı, Simülasyon, Sıralı Değişken.
Association Coefficient, Categorical Data, Cross Table, Simulation, Ordinal Data. Yayın Tarihi: 2020
Issue Date: 2019
Publisher: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Abstract: İnsanlık tarihi boyunca birçok dönüm noktası olmuştur. Bunlara örnek tekerin icadı, ateşin bulunması, yazının icadı, barutun bulunması ve sanayi devrimi verilebilir. Her bir dönüm noktası ile insanoğlunun enerjiye ihtiyacı artmıştır. Enerjinin temel kaynağı olan güneşi insanoğlu geçmişten günümüze doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak kullanmıştır. Sanayi devrimi ile birlikte insanoğlu bu enerji ihtiyacını yüzyıllar boyunca fosil kaynaklar ile gidermiştir. Ancak bu fosil kaynaklar çok büyük çevre problemlerine (küresel ısınma, buzulların erimesi, canlı türlerinin yok olması vs.) yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca fosil yakıtların kullanılması ile enerji yönünden devamlılığın sağlanması imkansızdır. Bütün bu sebepler yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından enerji elde etmeyi zorunlu kılmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları arasında rüzgar ve güneş ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de güneş enerjisinin durumu incelenmiştir. Dünya’da güneş enerjisi potansiyeli bakımından iyi bir konuma sahip olan Türkiye’nin bu potansiyelini tam olarak kullanamadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada; Farklı güneş radyasyon verilerine sahip olan Türkiye’nin İki farklı bölgesinde bulunan Samsun, Bayburt (Karadeniz Bölgesi) ve Mersin (Akdeniz Bölgesi) şehirlerine şebekeye bağlı 1 kW, 5 kW ve 10 kW kurulu güce sahip çatı tipi güneş enerji santrali modellemesi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca 7,224 kWh günlük enerji talebini karşılayacak şebekeden ayrık çatı tipi GES modellemesi de yapılmıştır. Bu modellemeler, PVGIS, PVsyst ve HOMER simülasyon programları ile yapılmıştır. Şebekeden ayrık çatı tipi GES için matematiksel hesaplamalar da yapılmıştır. III Bu çalışmada çatı tipi GES modellemelerinin üretim ve maliyet analizleri yapılarak yatırım yapılabilirlik seviyeleri incelenmiştir. Bu modelleme verileri ile güneş radyasyon verileri Türkiye ortalamasının altında olan Samsun şehri, güneş radyasyon verileri Türkiye ortalamasına yakın olan fakat güneş enerji potansiyelini yeterince kullanamayan Bayburt ve güneş radyasyon verileri Türkiye ortalamasının üzerinde olan Mersin gibi şehirlerdeki yatırım yapılabilirlik seviyeleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Simülasyon sonuçlarına göre; GES’den yıllık en fazla enerji üretimi elde edilen Mersin ile en az enerji elde edilen Samsun arasında yaklaşık 2,7 yıl geri ödeme süresi tespit edilmiştir. Ancak geri ödeme süreleri hem simülasyon programlarında hem de yapılan piyasa araştırmalarına göre yatırım yapılabilir seviye olarak kabul edilen 7-8 yılın üzerinde çıkmıştır. Bu sebeple 3 il için de çatı tipi GES yatırım yapılabilir olarak görülmemiştir. Bu çalışmada çatı tipi GES yatırımlarının artmasına katkıda bulunacağı düşünülen çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur. Çatı tipi GES ilk yatırım maliyetlerinin yüksek olması sebebiyle yatırım yapılabilir seviye olarak kabul edilen 7-8 yıllık geri dönüşüm sürelerine geri dönülebilmesi durumunda bu alanda yatırımların artacağı düşünülmektedir. Aksi takdirde çatı ve cephe tipi GES’ler kamu yatırımları dışında özel sektör ve meskenlerde bu alana yönelimde istenen seviyeler gerçekleşmeyeceği düşünülmektedir. Yatırım yapılabilir seviye olarak kabul edilen 7-8 yıllık geri dönüşüm sürelerine geri dönülebilmesi durumunda Türkiye’nin tamamında güneş enerjisi yatırımı yapılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.,There have been many milestones throughout the human history. These include; the invention of the wheel, the discovery of fire, the invention of writing, the discovery of gunpowder and the industrial revolution. With each turning point, mankind need for energy has increased. Mankind have used the sun as the main source of energy directly or indirectly from past to present. With the industrial revolution, mankind have met this energy need with fossil sources for centuries. However, these fossil sources cause enormous environmental problems (global warming, melting of glaciers, extinction of living species, etc.). In addition, it is impossible to achieve energy sustainability by using fossil fuels. All these reasons make it compulsory to obtain energy from renewable energy sources. Among renewable energy sources, wind and sun is precedence. In this study, the status of solar energy in the World and Turkey were examined. Turkey, which has a good position in terms of the potential of solar energy in the world seems unable to make full use of this potential. In this study; roof type solar power plant modeling is performed those installed capacity with 1 Kw, 5 kW and 10 kW and connected to the city electrical network in two different regions of Turkey, which have different solar radiation data as Samsun, Bayburt (Black Sea region) and Mersin (Mediterranean region). In addition, off-grid roof type SPP (Solar Power Plant) modeling has been performed to meet the daily energy demand of 7,224 kWh. These models were made with PVGIS, PVsyst and HOMER simulation programs. Mathematical calculations were V also performed for the roof type SPP, which is not connected to city electrical network. In this study, the investment feasibility levels of the roof type SPP models are examined by making production and cost analyzes. By this examinations and datas the investment feasibilitiy levels find out, for city of Samsun which has a solar radiation data below the average of Turkey, for city of Bayburt which has a solar radiation data close to the average of Turkey and inadequate use of solar energy potential sufficiently and for city of Mersin which has a solar radiation data above the average of Turkey. According to simulation results; A payback period of approximately 2.7 years has been determined between Mersin, where the highest energy production is obtained from SPP and Samsun, where the least energy is obtained. However, repayment periods exceeded 7-8 years which are considered as investment grade according to both simulation programs and market researches. For this reason, the roof type SPP is not considered investmentable for all these 3 cities. In this study, various suggestions which are thought to contribute to the increase of roof type SPP investments are presented. Due to the high initial investment costs of the roof-type SPP, it is considered that investments can be increased in this area if it is possible to return to the 7-8-year recycling periods can be considered as investment grade. Otherwise, it is considered that roof type SPP’s will not achieve the desired levels in the private sector and residential areas except public investments. If it can be turn back to the entire recycling time of 7-8 years which is accepted as investment levels, all over the Turkey solar energy investment is possible to be done as a result.
There have been many milestones throughout the human history. These include; the invention of the wheel, the discovery of fire, the invention of writing, the discovery of gunpowder and the industrial revolution. With each turning point, mankind need for energy has increased. Mankind have used the sun as the main source of energy directly or indirectly from past to present. With the industrial revolution, mankind have met this energy need with fossil sources for centuries. However, these fossil sources cause enormous environmental problems (global warming, melting of glaciers, extinction of living species, etc.). In addition, it is impossible to achieve energy sustainability by using fossil fuels. All these reasons make it compulsory to obtain energy from renewable energy sources. Among renewable energy sources, wind and sun is precedence. In this study, the status of solar energy in the World and Turkey were examined. Turkey, which has a good position in terms of the potential of solar energy in the world seems unable to make full use of this potential. In this study; roof type solar power plant modeling is performed those installed capacity with 1 Kw, 5 kW and 10 kW and connected to the city electrical network in two different regions of Turkey, which have different solar radiation data as Samsun, Bayburt (Black Sea region) and Mersin (Mediterranean region). In addition, off-grid roof type SPP (Solar Power Plant) modeling has been performed to meet the daily energy demand of 7,224 kWh. These models were made with PVGIS, PVsyst and HOMER simulation programs. Mathematical calculations were V also performed for the roof type SPP, which is not connected to city electrical network. In this study, the investment feasibility levels of the roof type SPP models are examined by making production and cost analyzes. By this examinations and datas the investment feasibilitiy levels find out, for city of Samsun which has a solar radiation data below the average of Turkey, for city of Bayburt which has a solar radiation data close to the average of Turkey and inadequate use of solar energy potential sufficiently and for city of Mersin which has a solar radiation data above the average of Turkey. According to simulation results; A payback period of approximately 2.7 years has been determined between Mersin, where the highest energy production is obtained from SPP and Samsun, where the least energy is obtained. However, repayment periods exceeded 7-8 years which are considered as investment grade according to both simulation programs and market researches. For this reason, the roof type SPP is not considered investmentable for all these 3 cities. In this study, various suggestions which are thought to contribute to the increase of roof type SPP investments are presented. Due to the high initial investment costs of the roof-type SPP, it is considered that investments can be increased in this area if it is possible to return to the 7-8-year recycling periods can be considered as investment grade. Otherwise, it is considered that roof type SPP’s will not achieve the desired levels in the private sector and residential areas except public investments. If it can be turn back to the entire recycling time of 7-8 years which is accepted as investment levels, all over the Turkey solar energy investment is possible to be done as a result.
URI: http://earsiv.odu.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11489/498
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