Determination of the Tolerance of Fox Grapes (Vitis labrusca L.) to Drought Stress by PEG Application in Vitro

Abstract

This study was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory of the Horticulture Department of the Faculty of Agriculture of Ordu University, Turkey, during the vegetation period of 2019. As plant material, the shoot tips of Vitis labrusca L. (Balikci Siyahi) genotype were used during the active growth period. The explants were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium containing 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurin (BAP) to form shoots after surface sterilization. Growing shoots from explants cultured in BAP media were transferred to MS nutrient medium containing 1 mg/l IBA and five different polyethylene glycol (PEG) doses (0 %, 1.5 %, 3.0 %, 4.5 %, 6.0 %) during rooting. Plant viability (%), shoot length (cm), number of shoot internodes (n), number of leaves in the shoot (n), chlorophyll amount, shoot fresh weight (g), shoot dry weight (g), fresh and dry weight of leaves (g), cell membrane damage rate (%), degree of damage, shoot tolerance rate, leaf turgor weight (g), explant proportional water scope (%), ion flow (%), number of roots (n), root length (cm), and fresh and dry weights of roots (g) were examined at the end of 3 weeks of culture on these shoots. As a result, with increasing PEG doses, it was determined that cell membrane damage rate, damage level, and ion flow increased. Growth and development, wet and dry weights of plant, root number, root length, and wet and dry weights of root decreased.