Kardelen, Amaryllidaceae familyasına ait nivalin, tazettin, galantamin ve likorin gibi
alkoloidleri içeren ve tıbbi değeri yüksek olan bir cinstir. Bu araştırma, Toros
Kardeleni (Galanthus elwesii Hook) türünde fosfor ve çinko uygulamalarının fenolik
bileşikler ve antioksidan aktivite üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Bölünmüş Parseller deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak 2017-2018 ve 2018-2019
yetiştirme dönemlerinde iki yıl yürütülen denemelerde ana parsellerde fosfor dozları
(0, 3, 6 ve 12 kg/da P2O5), alt parsellerde çinko dozları (0, 2.5, 5 ve 10 kg/da ZnSO4)
yer almıştır. Bitkiler farklı gelişme dönemleri (çiçeklenme ve meyve olgunlaşma) ve
bitki organları (toprakaltı ve topraküstü) esas alınarak hasat edilmiştir. Hasat edilen
bitki örneklerinde toplam fenolik, toplam flavonoid, galantamin, likorin ve total
alkaloit içerikleri ile fenolik bileşikler ve antioksidan aktivite belirlenmiştir. Fosfor
dozlarının etkisinin sadece meyve olgunlaşma döneminde hasat edilen topraküstü
organların total alkaloit miktarında önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çinko dozlarının
etkisi çiçeklenme döneminde hasat edilen toprakaltı ve topraküstü organların total
alkaloit miktarında önemli çıkmıştır. Çiçeklenme döneminde hasat edilen toprakaltı
organların toplam flavonoid miktarında fosfor x çinko interaksiyonu istatistiki olarak
önemlidir. Galanthus elwesii’nin ana fenolik bileşeninin gallik asit olduğu
belirlenmiş ve en yüksek antioksidan aktivite (%81.88) meyve olgunlaşma
döneminde topraküstü organlarda tespit edilmiştir. Likorin ve total alkaloit içeriği en
yüksek seviyeye (sırasıyla 26.90 μg/g ve 360.79 mg/g) çiçeklenme döneminde
ulaşmıştır. En yüksek galantamin içeriği toprakaltı organlarda (69.66 μg/g) meyve
olgunlaşma döneminde hasat edilen bitkilerden alınmıştır. Likorin ve total alkaloit
içeriği meyve olgunlaşma döneminde, çiçeklenme dönemine göre daha düşüktür.
Total alkaloit, galantamin ve likorin içeriklerinin topraküstü organlarda, toprakaltı
organlara oranla daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Galanthus
elwesii Hook. kardelen türünde antioksidan aktivitenin çiçeklenme dönemi < meyve
olgunlaşma dönemi sıralamasını izlediği tespit edilmiştir.,Snowdrop is a medicinally important genus of the Amaryllidaceae family, including
alkaloids such as nivalin, tazettine, galantamine, and lycorine. This research was
carried out to determine the effect of phosphorus and zinc applications on phenolic
compounds and antioxidant activity in Giant Snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook).
Phosphorus doses (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 P2O5) were allotted to the main plots
and zinc doses (0, 25, 50, and 100 kg ha-1 ZnSO4) to the subplots in field experiments
set up in a split plot design with three reps in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing
seasons. Giant snowdrops were harvested according to plant organs (under- and
aboveground) and growing stages (flowering and fruit ripening). Total phenolic, total
flavonoids, phenolic compounds, galantamin, lycorine, total alkaloids and
antioxidant activity were determined in plant extracts of the sample. The effect of
phosphorus doses was only significant on total alkaloids of the aboveground organs
harvested at fruit ripening stage. The effect of zinc doses was found to be significant
on total alkaloids of underground and aboveground organs harvested at flowering
stage. Interaction effect of phosphorus and was significant in the content of total
flavonoid of underground organs harvested at flowering stage. The main phenolic
component of Galanthus elwesii was found to be Gallic acid and the highest
antioxidant activity (81.88%) was found in aboveground organs harvested at fruit
ripening. The highest amount of lycorine and total alkaloid was determined (26.90
μg/g, 360.79 mg/g, respectively) at flowering stage. The highest amount of
galantamine (69.66 μg/g) was in underground organs of fruit ripening stage. The
contents of lycorine and total alkaloid of the plant samples were lower in fruit
ripening stage than in flowering. On the other hand, total alkaloid, galantamin and
lycorine contents of aboveground organs were higher than those of underground
organs. In conclusion, antioxidant activity of giant snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii
Hook) were found to be in descending of flowering < fruit ripening stages.
Snowdrop is a medicinally important genus of the Amaryllidaceae family, including
alkaloids such as nivalin, tazettine, galantamine, and lycorine. This research was
carried out to determine the effect of phosphorus and zinc applications on phenolic
compounds and antioxidant activity in Giant Snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook).
Phosphorus doses (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 P2O5) were allotted to the main plots
and zinc doses (0, 25, 50, and 100 kg ha-1 ZnSO4) to the subplots in field experiments
set up in a split plot design with three reps in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing
seasons. Giant snowdrops were harvested according to plant organs (under- and
aboveground) and growing stages (flowering and fruit ripening). Total phenolic, total
flavonoids, phenolic compounds, galantamin, lycorine, total alkaloids and
antioxidant activity were determined in plant extracts of the sample. The effect of
phosphorus doses was only significant on total alkaloids of the aboveground organs
harvested at fruit ripening stage. The effect of zinc doses was found to be significant
on total alkaloids of underground and aboveground organs harvested at flowering
stage. Interaction effect of phosphorus and was significant in the content of total
flavonoid of underground organs harvested at flowering stage. The main phenolic
component of Galanthus elwesii was found to be Gallic acid and the highest
antioxidant activity (81.88%) was found in aboveground organs harvested at fruit
ripening. The highest amount of lycorine and total alkaloid was determined (26.90
μg/g, 360.79 mg/g, respectively) at flowering stage. The highest amount of
galantamine (69.66 μg/g) was in underground organs of fruit ripening stage. The
contents of lycorine and total alkaloid of the plant samples were lower in fruit
ripening stage than in flowering. On the other hand, total alkaloid, galantamin and
lycorine contents of aboveground organs were higher than those of underground
organs. In conclusion, antioxidant activity of giant snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii
Hook) were found to be in descending of flowering < fruit ripening stages.
