Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different cleaning methods and resin cements on the shear bond strength (SBS) of contaminated zirconia. A total of 92 disc-shaped zirconia specimens were contaminated with different procedures. Then, the specimens were grouped according to cleaning methods and resin cements: no cleaning + Variolink Esthetic DC (CNV), no cleaning + Panavia V5 (CNP), sandblasted + Variolink Esthetic DC (SBV), sandblasted + Panavia V5 (SBP), Ivoclean + Variolink Esthetic DC (ICV), Ivoclean + Panavia V5 (ICP), Katana Cleaner + Variolink Esthetic DC (KCV), and Katana Cleaner + Panavia V5 (KCP). Following an aging protocol in a 37 degrees C for 1 week, SBS analysis was performed with a universal test machine. For the surface topography and elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used. Significance was evaluated as p < .05 and p < .01. The highest SBS results were found in the SBP group, showing a statistically significant difference from all other groups (p < .05). For the same cleaning method, Panavia V5 showed statistically significantly higher SBS values than Variolink Esthetic DC (p < .01), except the CNP-CNV (p = .880) and KCP-KCV (p = .082) groups. The most detected surface elements by EDS were Zr, O, C, and N, respectively. The contaminated zirconia surfaces must be cleaned for successful adhesion. The use of phosphate-containing adhesives in combination with sandblasting will increase the adhesion strength, and universal cleaning agents can be a good alternative to sandblasting.