In this second Collective Article with fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea we present the evaluation of bony structures in aging Barbus tauricus, otolith dimensions-body length relationships for two species (Trachinus draco and Synchiropus phaeton), information on the growth of juvenile Thunnus thynnus and Ruvettus pretiosus, weight-length relationships for three species Aulopus fiamentosus and Tylosurus acus imperialis and data on the feeding habits and reproduction of Aulopus fiamentosus.