Two-Level Classification in Determining the Age and Gender Group of a Speaker

Abstract

In this study, the classification of the speakers according to age and gender was discussed. Age and gender classes were first examined separately, and then by combining these classes a classification with a total of 7 classes was made. Speech signals represented by Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and delta parameters were converted into Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) mean supervectors and classified with a Support Vector Machine (SVM). While the GMM mean supervectors were formed according to the Maximum-A-Posteriori (MAP) adaptive GMM-Universal Background Model (UBM) configuration, the number of components was changed from 16 to 512, and the optimum number of components was decided. Gender classification accuracy of the system developed using aGender dataset was measured as 99.02% for two classes and 92.58% for three classes and age group classification accuracy was measured as 67.03% for female and 63.79% for male. In the classification of age and gender classes together in one step, an accuracy of 61.46% was obtained. In the study, a two-level approach was proposed for classifying age and gender classes together. According to this approach, the speakers were first divided into three classes as child, male and female, then males and females were classified according to their age groups and thus a 7-class classification was realized. This two-level approach was increased the accuracy of the classification in all other cases except when 32-component GMMs were used. While the highest improvement of 2.45% was achieved with 64 component GMMs, an improvement of 0.79 was achieved with 256 component GMMs.