Giresun İlindeki Sığırcılık İşletmelerinin Genel Yapısının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Giresun ilindeki sığırcılık işletmelerinin genel yapısının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Giresun ilinin merkezinde ve ilçelerinde bulunan sığırcılık işletmelerinde yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Anket yapılan işletmeler hayvan sayılarına göre ≥5 büyükbaş, 6-15 büyükbaş, 16-29 büyükbaş ve ≤30 büyükbaş olmak üzere dört kategoriye ayrılmıştır. İncelenen işletmelerin %19.27’sinde yerli ırk, %47.50’sinde melez, %20.33’ünde kültür ırkı ve %11.99’unda yerli+melez+kültür ırkı sığırlar yetiştirilmektedir. İşletmelerin %35.51’inde süt, %8.50’sinde et ve %55.24’ünde süt ve et üretimi birlikte yapılmaktadır. Yetiştiricilerin %77.97’si sığır yetiştiriciliğinden memnun olduğunu, %19.27’si ise memnun olmadığını belirtmiştir. Ekilebilir arazisi olan işletmelerin oranı %49.47, ekilebilir arazisi olmayanların oranı ise %50.38 olarak bulunmuştur. Doğum bölmesi olan işletmelerin oranı %7.59, doğum bölmesi olmayan işletmelerin oranı ise %91.65 olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin %36.27’sinde buzağı bölmesinin bulunduğu, %62.82’sinde ise bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kayıt tutulan işletmelerin oranı %15.93, kayıt tutulmayan işletmelerin oranı ise %82.85 olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletmelerin %88.01’inde sağımın elle yapıldığı ve işletmelerin %93.93’ünde süt analizi yaptırılmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Suni tohumlama yaptıran işletmelerin oranı %63.13 olarak saptanmıştır. Ahırların %71.17’sinde zeminin beton olduğu ve kaba yem olarak ta işletmelerin %43.40’ında hububat samanı kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. İşletme sahiplerinin %78.15’inin okuryazar/ilkokul mezunu olduğu belirlenmiş olup herhangi bir sosyal güvencesi olmayanların oranı %16.69 olarak saptanmıştır. İşletme sahiplerinin %53.41’inin herhangi bir tarımsal örgüte üye olmadığı belirlenmiştir.,This study was carried out to determine the general structure of cattle breeding enterprises in Giresun province. For such purpose, the data obtained from the surveys conducted in the cattle enterprises in the center and districts of Giresun province were used. According to animal numbers, surveyed cattle enterpises were divided into four categories which are: ≥5 animals, 6-15 animals, 16-29 animals and ≤30 animals. The results abtained from the surveyi revelead thet, domestic breed is used in 19.27%, crossbred in 47.50%, culture breed in 20.33% and domestic+crossbred+culture breeds in 11.99%. Milk production in %35.51% of the enterprises, meat production in 8.50% of the enterprises and milk+meat production in 55.24% of the enterprises are made together. 77.97% of breeders were satisfied with cattle breeding, while 19.27% were not satisfied. The proportion of the enterprises with arable land was 49.47% while the ratio of non-arable land was found to be 50.38%. The ratio of enterprises with birth chamber was determined as 7.59% and the ratio of those without birth chamber was found as 91.65%. It was determined that 36.27% of the enterprises have a calf chamber and 62.82% of the enteprises have no calf chamber. The ratio of recorded enterprises was determined as 15.93% and the ratio of non recorded enterprises was found as 82.85%. It was determined that in 88.01% of the enterprises milking was performed by hand and in 93.93% of the enterprises milk analysis was made. The proportion of enterprises having artificial insemination was 63.13%. It was found that 71.17% of the enterprises have concrete flour and grain straw was used in 43.40% of the enterprises as roughage. It was determined that 78.15% of business owners were literate/primary school graduates and 16.69% of those without social security was found. It has been determined that 53.41% of enterprises owners are not members of any agricultural organization.

This study was carried out to determine the general structure of cattle breeding enterprises in Giresun province. For such purpose, the data obtained from the surveys conducted in the cattle enterprises in the center and districts of Giresun province were used. According to animal numbers, surveyed cattle enterpises were divided into four categories which are: ≥5 animals, 6-15 animals, 16-29 animals and ≤30 animals. The results abtained from the surveyi revelead thet, domestic breed is used in 19.27%, crossbred in 47.50%, culture breed in 20.33% and domestic+crossbred+culture breeds in 11.99%. Milk production in %35.51% of the enterprises, meat production in 8.50% of the enterprises and milk+meat production in 55.24% of the enterprises are made together. 77.97% of breeders were satisfied with cattle breeding, while 19.27% were not satisfied. The proportion of the enterprises with arable land was 49.47% while the ratio of non-arable land was found to be 50.38%. The ratio of enterprises with birth chamber was determined as 7.59% and the ratio of those without birth chamber was found as 91.65%. It was determined that 36.27% of the enterprises have a calf chamber and 62.82% of the enteprises have no calf chamber. The ratio of recorded enterprises was determined as 15.93% and the ratio of non recorded enterprises was found as 82.85%. It was determined that in 88.01% of the enterprises milking was performed by hand and in 93.93% of the enterprises milk analysis was made. The proportion of enterprises having artificial insemination was 63.13%. It was found that 71.17% of the enterprises have concrete flour and grain straw was used in 43.40% of the enterprises as roughage. It was determined that 78.15% of business owners were literate/primary school graduates and 16.69% of those without social security was found. It has been determined that 53.41% of enterprises owners are not members of any agricultural organization.